Right now I have read the beginning of the book trying to figure out the Literary terms for it. I'll write about some I found.
In the beginning of the story, the scene is set in California. However, the scene changes as the main character (a dog named Buck) is sent to Canada, and then, eventually, to Alaska. I'm assuming that the time is around the nineteenth century, as that is when gold mining in Alaska started.
The point of view is omniscient, as the thoughts of Buck are shown.
As far as I have read, Buck is a happy pet of a wealthy owner, but is kidnapped and sold to gold miners who want dogs to use for sledding. In the cold and dangerous new world, Buck discovers a new self, which is vicious, ferocious and strong.